Low Backache (Low Back Pain): Causes, Home Care, and When to See a Doctor

Low backache (low back pain) is very common in adults aged 20–70. In most cases it improves with simple care, but sometimes it can be a sign of a more serious problem. This guide explains common causes, safe home care, and red flags that need urgent medical attention.

Common causes of low backache

• Muscle strain or ligament sprain (lifting, sudden movement, poor posture)

• Degenerative changes (age-related wear and tear)

• Disc bulge/herniation causing sciatica (pain radiating to buttock/leg)

• Prolonged sitting, weak core muscles, obesity

• Less commonly: kidney/urinary issues, infection, fracture, inflammatory disease

What you can do at home (first 48–72 hours)

• Stay active: gentle walking is better than complete bed rest.

• Use heat or ice: whichever gives you more relief.

• Avoid heavy lifting and bending; keep good posture while sitting.

• If you take pain medicines, use only as advised by your doctor—especially if you have acidity, kidney disease, heart disease, or are on blood thinners.

Red flags: seek urgent medical care

Get medical help immediately if you have any of the following:

• Weakness in the leg/foot, difficulty walking, or foot drop

• Numbness in the groin/saddle area

• Loss of bladder or bowel control

• Fever, chills, unexplained weight loss, or severe night pain

• Back pain after a fall/accident, especially in older adults

• History of cancer, long-term steroid use, or weak immunity

When to book an appointment

• Pain lasting more than 1–2 weeks

• Pain radiating to the leg with tingling/numbness

• Recurrent episodes affecting work or daily activities

To book an appointment at Saroj Hospital, use the online booking option on our website.